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Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Trend in a Special Care baby Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Yola: the Need to Educate Health Workers and Mothers on Quality Neonatal Health Practices

Received: 11 August 2013     Published: 20 December 2013
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Abstract

Background: Neonatal morbidities like neonatal sepsis (NNS), prematurity and perinatal asphyxia constitutes the major causes of neonatal mortality worldwide, even though, there may be slight intra and inter country variations. Objective: The main objectives of our study were twofold: 1) To determine the morbidity and mortality pattern of neonates admitted to the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the Federal Medical Centre Yola (FMCY), Adamawa state. 2) To provide relevant public health information that will be of benefit in reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was carried out. Case notes of neonates admitted and managed for various morbidities at the SCBU of the FMCY over a period of seven months between April 2012 and October 2012 were retrieved and reviewed using a structured questionnaire, to document demographic characteristic, diagnosis and the number of deaths that occurred. Statistical analyses were performed by use of SPSS statistical software version 16, Illinois, Chicago USA and a computer program for epidemiologist PEPI version 3.01. Results: Total admission for the period was 292 (100 %). There were 124 (42.5 %) males and 168 (57.5 %) females. The male to female ratio is 1:1.4. Highest morbidity 47 (72.3 %) was observed in April, but highest mortality was bimodal, one in April 14 (27.7 %) and the other 14 (26.9 %) in August. Overall association of the morbidity and mortality figures for the period was not significant (p = 0.296). The mean Morbidity and mortality was 33.0 (8.9) and 8.7 (4.5) respectively. Multivariate test showed a significant difference between NNS on the combined dependent variables (morbidity and mortality), p = 0.012. When the results for the dependent variables were considered separately in a Univariate model using a Bonferroni adjusted alpha levels, both dependent variables were significance at p = 0.001 for morbidity and p = 0.000 for mortality. Conclusions: Neonatal sepsis and prematurity were the major causes of neonatal mortality, whereas, severe perinatal asphyxia was the second cause of morbidity in this study.

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20
Page(s) 99-103
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality, Special Care Baby Unit, Care-Giver and Health Worker Education, Adamawa State, Nigeria

References
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[2] Ngoc NT, Merialdi M, Abdel-Aleem H, Carroli G, Purwar M, Zavaleta N, et al. Causes of stillbirths and early neonatal deaths: Data from 7933 pregnancies in six developing countries. Bull World Health Organ 2006;84:699–705.
[3] World Health Organization. Country health system fact sheet Nigeria 2006. Lagos.
[4] Manzar N, Manzar B, Yaqoob A, Ahmed M, Kumar J. The study of etiological and demographic characteristics of neonatal mortality and morbidity - a consecutive case series study from Pakistan. BMC Pediatrics 2012;12:131-7.
[5] Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J. 4 million neonatal deaths: when? Where? Why? Lancet 2005; 365:891–900.
[6] Oestergaard MZ, Inoue M, Yoshida S, Mahanani WR, Gore FM, et al. Neonatal Mortality Levels for 193 Countries in 2009 with Trends since 1990: A Systematic Analysis of Progress, Projections, and Priorities. PLoS Med 2011; 8(8):e1001080.
[7] Owa JA, Osinaike AI: Neonatal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Indian J Pediatr 1998; 65(3):441–49.
[8] Ayaz A, Saleem S: Neonatal Mortality and Prevalence of Practices for Newborn Care in a Squatter Settlement of Karachi, Pakistan. A Cross- Sectional Study. PLoS One 2010; 5(11):e13783.
[9] Kouéta F, Yé D, Dao L, Néboua D, Sawadogo A. Neonatal morbidity and mortality in 2002–2006 at the Charles de gulle pediatric hospital (France). Child Care Health Dev 2004, 30(6):699–709.
[10] Modi N, Kirubakaran C: Reasons for admission,causes of death and costs of admission to a tertiary neonatal referral unit in India. J Trop Pediatr 1995;4(2):99–102.
[11] Seyal T, Husnain F, Anwar A. Audit of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality at Neonatal Unit of Sir Gangaram Hospital Lahore. Ann King Edward Med Uni 2011;17(1):9–13.
[12] Omoigberale AI, Sadoh WE, Nwaneri DU. A 4 year review of neonatal outcome at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city. Nig J Clin Pract 2010;13(3):321-25.
[13] Onasoga OA, Oluwatosin AO, Ojo AA. Predictors of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Tertiary Hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria. Arch Appl Sci Res 2012;4(3):1511-16.
[14] Okolo A. Overview of Neonatal Mortality – Global Perspectives. PANCONF 2009;S1-S43.
[15] World Health OrganizationNeonatal and Perinatal Mortality Country, Regional and Global Estimates;WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data 2006.
[16] Bhutta ZA, Darmstadt GL, Hasan BS, Haws RA. Pediatrics 2005;115;519-617.
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  • APA Style

    Baba Usman Ahmadu, Hamman Isah Babba, Joda Aisha Abdallah, Abraham Musa Tizhe, Akor Ogecha, et al. (2013). Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Trend in a Special Care baby Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Yola: the Need to Educate Health Workers and Mothers on Quality Neonatal Health Practices. American Journal of Health Research, 1(3), 99-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20

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    ACS Style

    Baba Usman Ahmadu; Hamman Isah Babba; Joda Aisha Abdallah; Abraham Musa Tizhe; Akor Ogecha, et al. Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Trend in a Special Care baby Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Yola: the Need to Educate Health Workers and Mothers on Quality Neonatal Health Practices. Am. J. Health Res. 2013, 1(3), 99-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20

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    AMA Style

    Baba Usman Ahmadu, Hamman Isah Babba, Joda Aisha Abdallah, Abraham Musa Tizhe, Akor Ogecha, et al. Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Trend in a Special Care baby Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Yola: the Need to Educate Health Workers and Mothers on Quality Neonatal Health Practices. Am J Health Res. 2013;1(3):99-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20,
      author = {Baba Usman Ahmadu and Hamman Isah Babba and Joda Aisha Abdallah and Abraham Musa Tizhe and Akor Ogecha and Pius Sunday and Yakubu Hyeladi Francis and Gamdu Jesini},
      title = {Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Trend in a Special Care baby Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Yola: the Need to Educate Health Workers and Mothers on Quality Neonatal Health Practices},
      journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
      volume = {1},
      number = {3},
      pages = {99-103},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20130103.20},
      abstract = {Background: Neonatal morbidities like neonatal sepsis (NNS), prematurity and perinatal asphyxia constitutes the major causes of neonatal mortality worldwide, even though, there may be slight intra and inter country variations. Objective: The main objectives of our study were twofold: 1) To determine the morbidity and mortality pattern of neonates admitted to the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the Federal Medical Centre Yola (FMCY), Adamawa state. 2) To provide relevant public health information that will be of benefit in reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was carried out. Case notes of neonates admitted and managed for various morbidities at the SCBU of the FMCY  over a period of seven months between April 2012 and October 2012 were retrieved and reviewed using a structured questionnaire, to document demographic characteristic, diagnosis and the number of deaths that occurred. Statistical analyses were performed by use of SPSS statistical software version 16, Illinois, Chicago USA and a computer program for epidemiologist PEPI version 3.01. Results: Total admission for the period was 292 (100 %). There were 124 (42.5 %) males and 168 (57.5 %) females. The male to female ratio is 1:1.4. Highest morbidity 47 (72.3 %) was observed in April, but highest mortality was bimodal, one in April 14 (27.7 %) and the other 14 (26.9 %) in August. Overall association of the morbidity and mortality figures for the period was not significant (p = 0.296). The mean Morbidity and mortality was 33.0 (8.9) and 8.7 (4.5) respectively. Multivariate test showed a significant difference between NNS on the combined dependent variables (morbidity and mortality), p = 0.012. When the results for the dependent variables were considered separately in a Univariate model using a Bonferroni adjusted alpha levels, both dependent variables were significance at p = 0.001 for morbidity and p = 0.000 for mortality. Conclusions: Neonatal sepsis and prematurity were the major causes of neonatal mortality, whereas, severe perinatal asphyxia was the second cause of morbidity in this study.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Trend in a Special Care baby Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Yola: the Need to Educate Health Workers and Mothers on Quality Neonatal Health Practices
    AU  - Baba Usman Ahmadu
    AU  - Hamman Isah Babba
    AU  - Joda Aisha Abdallah
    AU  - Abraham Musa Tizhe
    AU  - Akor Ogecha
    AU  - Pius Sunday
    AU  - Yakubu Hyeladi Francis
    AU  - Gamdu Jesini
    Y1  - 2013/12/20
    PY  - 2013
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20
    T2  - American Journal of Health Research
    JF  - American Journal of Health Research
    JO  - American Journal of Health Research
    SP  - 99
    EP  - 103
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8796
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.20
    AB  - Background: Neonatal morbidities like neonatal sepsis (NNS), prematurity and perinatal asphyxia constitutes the major causes of neonatal mortality worldwide, even though, there may be slight intra and inter country variations. Objective: The main objectives of our study were twofold: 1) To determine the morbidity and mortality pattern of neonates admitted to the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the Federal Medical Centre Yola (FMCY), Adamawa state. 2) To provide relevant public health information that will be of benefit in reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was carried out. Case notes of neonates admitted and managed for various morbidities at the SCBU of the FMCY  over a period of seven months between April 2012 and October 2012 were retrieved and reviewed using a structured questionnaire, to document demographic characteristic, diagnosis and the number of deaths that occurred. Statistical analyses were performed by use of SPSS statistical software version 16, Illinois, Chicago USA and a computer program for epidemiologist PEPI version 3.01. Results: Total admission for the period was 292 (100 %). There were 124 (42.5 %) males and 168 (57.5 %) females. The male to female ratio is 1:1.4. Highest morbidity 47 (72.3 %) was observed in April, but highest mortality was bimodal, one in April 14 (27.7 %) and the other 14 (26.9 %) in August. Overall association of the morbidity and mortality figures for the period was not significant (p = 0.296). The mean Morbidity and mortality was 33.0 (8.9) and 8.7 (4.5) respectively. Multivariate test showed a significant difference between NNS on the combined dependent variables (morbidity and mortality), p = 0.012. When the results for the dependent variables were considered separately in a Univariate model using a Bonferroni adjusted alpha levels, both dependent variables were significance at p = 0.001 for morbidity and p = 0.000 for mortality. Conclusions: Neonatal sepsis and prematurity were the major causes of neonatal mortality, whereas, severe perinatal asphyxia was the second cause of morbidity in this study.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  • Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

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