The prevalence of hypertension is more significant among African American adults than among individuals in other ethnic groups. Mindfulness, an ancient technique used for thousands of years, is acknowledged as a valuable tool for improving health in various ways. However, despite its traditional wisdom, there remains a gap in understanding the standalone effects of MM on hypertension control. This review aimed to discuss the role of mindfulness in managing hypertension within the African American adult population in the U. S. PubMed and Scopus were the chosen databases for this exploration. The inclusion criteria comprised papers presenting primary data studies conducted on hypertensive African American patients, specifically reporting on the independent association between mindfulness and hypertension. The exclusion criteria included nonprimary data studies and studies not primarily focused on hypertension or mindfulness. Following our search strategy, we identified a total of 32 studies. Our review incorporated five randomized controlled trials, excluding manuscripts lacking primary data, nonrandomized clinical trials, and duplicates. Within these studies, mindfulness was administered to participants through either prerecorded MP3s or guidance from trained personnel. The observed reduction in blood pressure ranged from 7.2 mmHg to 21.92 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and from null to 7.2 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure across the five studies. Notably, one study showed no change in diastolic blood pressure. The outcomes of this review can contribute to clinical practice by offering an evidence-based approach for effective hypertension control through MM. The key findings highlight the positive impact of mindfulness on blood pressure regulation and emphasize using prerecorded MP3s or trained guidance as effective mindfulness delivery methods. These insights underscore the potential significance of MM as a cost-efficient and side-effect-free approach to hypertension management.
Published in | World Journal of Public Health (Volume 9, Issue 3) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16 |
Page(s) | 278-285 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Adults, African American, Hypertension, Meditation, Intervention
[1] | Butzner M, Oyekanmi C, McDuffie MJ, Nescott E, McCullers A, Woldeamanuel E, Lynn E, Cuffee Y. Impact of Health Literacy on Medication Adherence Among Black Medicaid Beneficiaries with Hypertension in Delaware: A Cross-Sectional Study. Popul Health Manag. 2023 Apr; 26(2): 93-99. |
[2] | Albertus P, Morgenstern H, Robinson B, Saran R. Risk of ESRD in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2016; 68: 862–72. |
[3] |
Phillips E. The Silent Killer: A Review of Psychosocial Factors and Systems-Level Interventions that Address Hypertension in African American Men, Graduate Annual: Vol. 2, Article 12.
https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/graduateannual/vol2/iss1/12 (2014). |
[4] | Sonia Y, Angell MV, McConnell, Cheryl AM, Anderson K, Bibbins-Domingo DS, Boyle S, Capewell M, Ezzati Sde, Ferranti DJ, Gaskin, Ron Z, Goetzel MD, Huffman YM, Khan S, Kim. Somava Saha and John J. Warner The American Heart Association 2030 Impact Goal: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association Jan 2020; 141: e120–e138. |
[5] | Alexander CN, Langer EJ, Newman RI, Chandler HM, Davies JL. Transcendental meditation, mindfulness, and longevity: an experimental study with elderly individuals. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989; 57(6): 950 – 64. |
[6] | Loucks EB, Schuman-Olivier Z, Britton WB, et al. Mindfulness and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: State of the Evidence, Plausible Mechanisms, and Theoretical Framework. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2015; 17: 112. |
[7] | Susan Chow PD, Benedetto Cuffari M. Sc., Meditation history, News Medical life sciences. March 18, 2021, |
[8] | Carly M, Goldstein R, Josephson S, Xie, Joel W. Hughes Current Perspectives on the Use of Meditation to Reduce Blood Pressure, Int J Hypertens. 2012; 2012: 578397. Published online. |
[9] | Zachary Munn C, Stern E, Aromataris. Craig Lockwood, and Zoe Jordan What kind of systematic review should I conduct? A proposed typology and guidance for systematic reviewers in the medical and health sciences, |
[10] |
How to construct an effective search strategy. Rush University Medical Center library,
https://rushu.libguides.com/c.php?g=834766&p=5960431#s-lg-box-wrapper-22226315 Jan 28, 2022. |
[11] |
Systematic reviews: finding the evidence - handout. University of South Australia Library. Rev. 21 February 2024.
https://guides.library.unisa.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=49640953 |
[12] | Rethlefsen, M. L., Kirtley, S., Waffenschmidt, S. et al. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews. Syst Rev 10, 39 (2021). |
[13] | Levac D, Colquhoun H, O'Brien KK. Scoping studies: advancing the methodology. Implement Sci. 2010; 5: 69. |
[14] | Schneider RH, Alexander CN, Staggers F, Rainforth M, Salerno JW, Hartz A, Arndt S, Barnes VA, Nidich SI. Long-term effects of stress reduction on mortality in persons > or = 55 years of age with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2005 May 1; 95(9): 1060-4. |
[15] |
Wright KD, Klatt MD, Adams IR, Nguyen CM, Mion LC, Tan A, Monroe TB, Rose KM, Scharre DW. Mindfulness in Motion and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) in Hypertensive African Americans. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Mar; 69(3): 773-778.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16947 Epub 2020 Nov 23. |
[16] | Chandler J, Sox L, Diaz V, Kellam K, Neely A, Nemeth L, Treiber F. Impact of 12-Month Smartphone Breathing Meditation Program upon Systolic Blood Pressure among Non-Medicated Stage 1 Hypertensive Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17 Issue. 2020; 17(6). |
[17] |
Park J, Lyles RH, Bauer-Wu S. Mindfulness meditation lowers muscle sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in African-American males with chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2014 Jul 1; 307(1): R93-R101.
https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00558.2013 Epub 2014 May 14. |
[18] | Palta P, Page G, Piferi RL, Gill JM, Hayat MJ, Connolly AB, Szanton SL. Evaluation of a mindfulness-based intervention program to decrease blood pressure in low-income African-American older adults. J Urban Health. 2012 Apr; 89(2): 308-16. |
[19] | White, H., Sabarwal S. & T. de Hoop, (2014). Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), Methodological Briefs: Impact Evaluation 7, UNICEF Office of Research, Florence. |
[20] | Schneider RH, Alexander CN, Staggers F, Orme-Johnson DW, Rainforth M, Salerno JW, Sheppard W, Castillo-Richmond A, Barnes VA, Nidich SI. A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction in African Americans treated for hypertension for over one year. Am J Hypertens. 2005; 18(1): 88–98. |
APA Style
Woldeamanuel, E., Johnson, L., Patterson, F. (2024). The Role of Mindfulness Meditation for the Management of Hypertension in African American Adults in the US - A Scoping Review. World Journal of Public Health, 9(3), 278-285. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16
ACS Style
Woldeamanuel, E.; Johnson, L.; Patterson, F. The Role of Mindfulness Meditation for the Management of Hypertension in African American Adults in the US - A Scoping Review. World J. Public Health 2024, 9(3), 278-285. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16
AMA Style
Woldeamanuel E, Johnson L, Patterson F. The Role of Mindfulness Meditation for the Management of Hypertension in African American Adults in the US - A Scoping Review. World J Public Health. 2024;9(3):278-285. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16
@article{10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16, author = {Ermiyas Woldeamanuel and Lamar Johnson and Freda Patterson}, title = {The Role of Mindfulness Meditation for the Management of Hypertension in African American Adults in the US - A Scoping Review }, journal = {World Journal of Public Health}, volume = {9}, number = {3}, pages = {278-285}, doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20240903.16}, abstract = {The prevalence of hypertension is more significant among African American adults than among individuals in other ethnic groups. Mindfulness, an ancient technique used for thousands of years, is acknowledged as a valuable tool for improving health in various ways. However, despite its traditional wisdom, there remains a gap in understanding the standalone effects of MM on hypertension control. This review aimed to discuss the role of mindfulness in managing hypertension within the African American adult population in the U. S. PubMed and Scopus were the chosen databases for this exploration. The inclusion criteria comprised papers presenting primary data studies conducted on hypertensive African American patients, specifically reporting on the independent association between mindfulness and hypertension. The exclusion criteria included nonprimary data studies and studies not primarily focused on hypertension or mindfulness. Following our search strategy, we identified a total of 32 studies. Our review incorporated five randomized controlled trials, excluding manuscripts lacking primary data, nonrandomized clinical trials, and duplicates. Within these studies, mindfulness was administered to participants through either prerecorded MP3s or guidance from trained personnel. The observed reduction in blood pressure ranged from 7.2 mmHg to 21.92 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and from null to 7.2 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure across the five studies. Notably, one study showed no change in diastolic blood pressure. The outcomes of this review can contribute to clinical practice by offering an evidence-based approach for effective hypertension control through MM. The key findings highlight the positive impact of mindfulness on blood pressure regulation and emphasize using prerecorded MP3s or trained guidance as effective mindfulness delivery methods. These insights underscore the potential significance of MM as a cost-efficient and side-effect-free approach to hypertension management. }, year = {2024} }
TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of Mindfulness Meditation for the Management of Hypertension in African American Adults in the US - A Scoping Review AU - Ermiyas Woldeamanuel AU - Lamar Johnson AU - Freda Patterson Y1 - 2024/09/11 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16 DO - 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16 T2 - World Journal of Public Health JF - World Journal of Public Health JO - World Journal of Public Health SP - 278 EP - 285 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2637-6059 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.16 AB - The prevalence of hypertension is more significant among African American adults than among individuals in other ethnic groups. Mindfulness, an ancient technique used for thousands of years, is acknowledged as a valuable tool for improving health in various ways. However, despite its traditional wisdom, there remains a gap in understanding the standalone effects of MM on hypertension control. This review aimed to discuss the role of mindfulness in managing hypertension within the African American adult population in the U. S. PubMed and Scopus were the chosen databases for this exploration. The inclusion criteria comprised papers presenting primary data studies conducted on hypertensive African American patients, specifically reporting on the independent association between mindfulness and hypertension. The exclusion criteria included nonprimary data studies and studies not primarily focused on hypertension or mindfulness. Following our search strategy, we identified a total of 32 studies. Our review incorporated five randomized controlled trials, excluding manuscripts lacking primary data, nonrandomized clinical trials, and duplicates. Within these studies, mindfulness was administered to participants through either prerecorded MP3s or guidance from trained personnel. The observed reduction in blood pressure ranged from 7.2 mmHg to 21.92 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and from null to 7.2 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure across the five studies. Notably, one study showed no change in diastolic blood pressure. The outcomes of this review can contribute to clinical practice by offering an evidence-based approach for effective hypertension control through MM. The key findings highlight the positive impact of mindfulness on blood pressure regulation and emphasize using prerecorded MP3s or trained guidance as effective mindfulness delivery methods. These insights underscore the potential significance of MM as a cost-efficient and side-effect-free approach to hypertension management. VL - 9 IS - 3 ER -