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Sexual and Psychological Violence Among Pregnant Women in Tigray, Ethiopia

Received: 19 September 2020     Accepted: 30 September 2020     Published: 4 November 2020
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Abstract

Background: Violence against women is a global concern and it is high in Africa particularly in Ethiopia. However, the attention given to this issue is less. This study aimed to assess sexual and psychological violence among pregnant women in Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional survey was done among 476 pregnants. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interview was done using a standardized questioner. Logistic regression analyses (bivariable and multivariable) were done to identify associated factors. The odds ratio of 95% was used to show the strength and variables with p-value<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: About 30.3% women were experienced sexual and psychological violence. Sexual violence (15.5%), and psychological violence (22.7%). Having alcohol drinker husband [(AOR=3.15, 95% CI: (1.92, 5.18)], undesired pregnancy by husband [(AOR=3.68, 95% CI: (1.54, 8.78)], having another wife [(AOR=4.87, 95% CI: (2.07, 11.5)], unplanned pregnancy [(AOR=3.46, 95% CI: (1.51, 7.95)], low decision making capacity of women [(AOR=2.99, 95% CI: (1.85, 4.82)] and having medium economic status [AOR=0.53, 95% CI: (0.31, 0.92)] were significantly associated factors. Conclusion: Near to one –third of pregnant women experienced sexual and psychological violence during a recent pregnancy. Strengthening women's, empowerment and encouraging inter-spousal communication to enhance relationships, and to make join reproductive decisions are crucial to reducing violence during pregnancy.

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 8, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11
Page(s) 96-101
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sexual Violence, Psychological Violence, Pregnant, Tigray, Ethiopia

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Girmay Adhena, Lemessa Oljira. (2020). Sexual and Psychological Violence Among Pregnant Women in Tigray, Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research, 8(6), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11

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    ACS Style

    Girmay Adhena; Lemessa Oljira. Sexual and Psychological Violence Among Pregnant Women in Tigray, Ethiopia. Am. J. Health Res. 2020, 8(6), 96-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11

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    AMA Style

    Girmay Adhena, Lemessa Oljira. Sexual and Psychological Violence Among Pregnant Women in Tigray, Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2020;8(6):96-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11,
      author = {Girmay Adhena and Lemessa Oljira},
      title = {Sexual and Psychological Violence Among Pregnant Women in Tigray, Ethiopia},
      journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
      volume = {8},
      number = {6},
      pages = {96-101},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20200806.11},
      abstract = {Background: Violence against women is a global concern and it is high in Africa particularly in Ethiopia. However, the attention given to this issue is less. This study aimed to assess sexual and psychological violence among pregnant women in Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional survey was done among 476 pregnants. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interview was done using a standardized questioner. Logistic regression analyses (bivariable and multivariable) were done to identify associated factors. The odds ratio of 95% was used to show the strength and variables with p-valueResults: About 30.3% women were experienced sexual and psychological violence. Sexual violence (15.5%), and psychological violence (22.7%). Having alcohol drinker husband [(AOR=3.15, 95% CI: (1.92, 5.18)], undesired pregnancy by husband [(AOR=3.68, 95% CI: (1.54, 8.78)], having another wife [(AOR=4.87, 95% CI: (2.07, 11.5)], unplanned pregnancy [(AOR=3.46, 95% CI: (1.51, 7.95)], low decision making capacity of women [(AOR=2.99, 95% CI: (1.85, 4.82)] and having medium economic status [AOR=0.53, 95% CI: (0.31, 0.92)] were significantly associated factors. Conclusion: Near to one –third of pregnant women experienced sexual and psychological violence during a recent pregnancy. Strengthening women's, empowerment and encouraging inter-spousal communication to enhance relationships, and to make join reproductive decisions are crucial to reducing violence during pregnancy.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Sexual and Psychological Violence Among Pregnant Women in Tigray, Ethiopia
    AU  - Girmay Adhena
    AU  - Lemessa Oljira
    Y1  - 2020/11/04
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11
    T2  - American Journal of Health Research
    JF  - American Journal of Health Research
    JO  - American Journal of Health Research
    SP  - 96
    EP  - 101
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8796
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20200806.11
    AB  - Background: Violence against women is a global concern and it is high in Africa particularly in Ethiopia. However, the attention given to this issue is less. This study aimed to assess sexual and psychological violence among pregnant women in Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional survey was done among 476 pregnants. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interview was done using a standardized questioner. Logistic regression analyses (bivariable and multivariable) were done to identify associated factors. The odds ratio of 95% was used to show the strength and variables with p-valueResults: About 30.3% women were experienced sexual and psychological violence. Sexual violence (15.5%), and psychological violence (22.7%). Having alcohol drinker husband [(AOR=3.15, 95% CI: (1.92, 5.18)], undesired pregnancy by husband [(AOR=3.68, 95% CI: (1.54, 8.78)], having another wife [(AOR=4.87, 95% CI: (2.07, 11.5)], unplanned pregnancy [(AOR=3.46, 95% CI: (1.51, 7.95)], low decision making capacity of women [(AOR=2.99, 95% CI: (1.85, 4.82)] and having medium economic status [AOR=0.53, 95% CI: (0.31, 0.92)] were significantly associated factors. Conclusion: Near to one –third of pregnant women experienced sexual and psychological violence during a recent pregnancy. Strengthening women's, empowerment and encouraging inter-spousal communication to enhance relationships, and to make join reproductive decisions are crucial to reducing violence during pregnancy.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Reproductive Health, Tigray Regional Health Bureau, Tigray, Ethiopia

  • School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia

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